Getting Started with Film Photography: A Guide to Loading, Developing, and Darkroom Techniques

Getting into film photography is a super exciting adventure! To really get the hang of it, you’ll want to learn some basics: loading film into your camera, developing that film, and figuring out the darkroom. In this guide, we’ll break down the film development process step by step, so you’re all set to create some amazing shots!

Understanding the Essentials

Before diving into the development process, let's clarify some key terms:

• 35mm Film: The standard film format used in most cameras, producing images measuring 36x24mm.

• Developing Tank: A light-tight container where your film reels will be processed. Ensure that the size of the inner core matches your tank if you plan to develop multiple reels at once.

• Reels: Plastic wheels that hold the film securely during development.

• Inner Core: The central component of the developing tank that keeps the reels in place.

• Funnel: This piece helps pour chemicals into the tank while maintaining darkness for the film.

• Ratchet: The side-to-side motion used to load the film onto the reel.

What You’ll Need

To successfully develop your film, gather the following materials:

• Used 35mm film

• A pitch-black room (or a changing bag)

• A developing tank (including lid, inner core, funnel, and container)

• Reels (must be dry)

• Scissors

• Panic box (optional for assistance)

• Film cartridge opener (optional)

• Water

• Thermometer

• Developer solution

• Stop solution

• Fix solution

• Wetting agent

• Measuring jug

• A jug large enough for the reels

• Pegs for hanging

• A film dryer (or a suitable hanging area)

• Film strip storage pockets

  

  
  

Step-by-Step Film Development Process

1. Preparation: Ensure all your equipment, including the developing tank and reels, is completely dry to avoid watermarks. Set up in a dark, light-tight space. If you’re new to the process, consider having a panic box nearby to assist you if needed.

   
   

2. Loading the Film:

   • In complete darkness, carefully pull the film partially out of the canister and cut off the film tab.

   • If the film is stuck inside the canister, use your film cartridge opener to separate the canister.

   • Align the silver balls on the reel with the film, ensuring the film sits over them. Ratchet the film onto the reel by turning the sides in opposite directions until it’s fully loaded. If the canister is still attached, cut it off now.

     
     

3. Setting Up the Developing Tank:

   • Insert the inner core into the tank and slide the reel(s) onto it. Place the funnel on top and secure the lid tightly to block out light.

     
     

4. Chemical Preparation: Make sure all your chemicals are pre-diluted and ready. For each 35mm film, you will need 300ml of each solution (500ml for 120mm film). If using a two-reel tank, double the quantities.

   
   

5. Development Steps:

   • Pre-Wash: Pour in 20°C water (300ml) and close the lid, pinching the sides. Agitate continuously for two minutes, then pour the water down the sink.

   • Developer Solution: Pour in the developer, close the lid, and agitate for 30 seconds. Let it sit for another 30 seconds, then agitate five times every 30 seconds while tapping the lid. After eight minutes, pour out the developer.

   • Stop Solution: Pour in the stop solution, agitate for one minute, then pour it out.

   • Fix Solution: Add the fix solution, agitate as you did with the developer, but for five minutes this time. Dispose of the fix solution properly.

     
     

6. Washing the Film: Remove the reels and rinse them under cold running water for 20 minutes to wash off any remaining chemicals.

   
   

7. Final Rinse: Place the film reels in a tub of water with a few drops of wetting agent. Agitate by dipping the reels in and out twenty times.

   
   

8. Drying the Film: Carefully remove the film from the reel and hang it using two pegs to prevent curling. If you have a film dryer, set it to 18 minutes on heat setting 'I'.

   
   

9. Storage: Once dry, cut your film into strips of six negatives. Store them in film strip storage pockets to keep them clean and protected.

   
   

By following these steps, you’ll be well on your way to developing your own stunning film photographs. Enjoy the process, and don’t hesitate to experiment as you refine your skills! Happy shooting!